The degree of food processing can influence serum fatty acid and lipid profiles in women with severe obesity.

Background: The increase in the prevalence of obesity is associated with the increase in the consumption of ultra-processed foods and may be related to the increase in the disorders involving metabolism and the transport and storage of fatty acids. Objective: To evaluate the effect of processed food consumption according to the degree of processing on the serum fatty acid levels and lipid profile of women with severe obesity. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data were collected from anthropometric assessments, the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and blood tests for lipidogram studies and serum fatty acid measurements. The foods consumed were identified through the FFQ and classified according to the degree of processing based on the NOVA rating, and the frequencies of consumption were transformed into scores, as proposed by Fornés methodology. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics, version 21. The significance level for the analysis was set at 5%. Results: This study included 44 women with a mean age of 40.59 years and mean body mass index of 48.61 kg/m2. An inverse association was observed between the consumption of unprocessed and the occurrence of hypertriglyceridemia (p = 0.021) and levels of triglycerides (p = 0.047), total cholesterol (p = 0.030), and very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p = 0.039). The consumption of processed foods was positively associated with the presence of hypertriglyceridemia (p = 0.044) and omega 6/3 ratio (p = 0.001) and negatively associated with total omega 3 levels (p = 0.011). The consumption of processed foods was positively associated with total cholesterol (p = 0.041) and negatively associated with the omega 3/6 ratio (p = 0.001). A negative correlation was found between the average consumption of ultra-processed foods (at least once a week) and serum level of high-density lipoprotein (p = 0.035). Conclusion: The consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods was associated with unfavorable lipid profiles and fatty acid levels in women with severe obesity. These results emphasize the importance of promoting the consumption of unprocessed food to mitigate metabolic disorders linked to processed food intake.

The Influence of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms On Body Weight Trajectory After Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To conduct a systematic review to summarize the results of studies on this subject and to identify whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are good prognostic markers for body weight trajectory after bariatric surgery. RECENT FINDINGS: A considerable number of events can influence the body weight trajectory after bariatric surgery, and in the post-genomic era, genetic factors have been explored. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021240903). SNPs positively associated with poor weight loss after bariatric surgery were rs17702901, rs9939609, rs1360780, rs1126535, rs1137101, rs17782313, rs490683, and rs659366. Alternatively, SNPs rs2229616, rs5282087, rs490683, rs9819506, rs4771122, rs9939609, rs4846567, rs9930506, rs3813929, rs738409, rs696217, rs660339, rs659366, rs6265, rs1801260, and rs2419621 predicted a higher weight loss after bariatric surgery. Six studies performed with a genetic risk score (GRS) model presented significant associations between GRS and outcomes following bariatric surgery. This systematic review shows that, different SNPs and genetic models could be good predictors for body weight trajectory after bariatric surgery. Based on the results of the selected studies for this Systematic Review is possible to select SNPs and metabolic pathways of interest for the GRS construction to predict the outcome of bariatric surgery to be applied in future studies.

Relação do risco nutricional e perfil glicêmico no desfecho de pacientes críticos / Relationship of nutritional risk and glycemic profile in the outcome of critically ill patients

Em pacientes críticos o risco nutricional e a hiperglicemia associam-se ao aumento da incidência de desfechos desfavoráveis. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação do risco nutricional pelo Nutrition Risk in Critically III, versão modificada (mNUTRIC) e perfil glicêmico nos desfechos de alta, óbito e tempo de internação de pacientes críticos e verificar o impacto das ferramentas Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Disease Classification System II (APACHE II) e do Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) nesses desfechos. Método: Estudo longitudinal prospectivo desenvolvido em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Foram incluídos adultos, com tempo ≥ 48 horas de internação e com registro mínimo de duas aferições glicêmicas. Excluíram-se pacientes em cuidados paliativos, readmitidos nas UTI e gestantes. O teste Exato de Fisher e Shapiro Wilk foram utilizados para avaliar as variáveis categóricas e contínuas, respectivamente. Posteriormente, utilizou-se o teste de Mann-Whitney ou t-Student não pareado. Realizou-se análise de regressão logística e linear. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados: Ao avaliar 35 pacientes, 45,7% apresentaram alto risco nutricional. Foi observado associação do risco nutricional com os desfechos de alta e óbito; o SOFA associou-se ao óbito e tempo de internação. O incremento de 1 ponto no escore do SOFA aumentou a chance de óbito em 83% e tempo maior de internação em 0,49 dias. O perfil glicêmico e APACHE II não se associou aos desfechos. Conclusão: o escore SOFA foi o instrumento que apresentou associações significativas com o desfecho do óbito e maior tempo de internação de pacientes críticos

In critically ill patients, nutritional risk and hyperglycemia are associated with an increased incidence of unfavorable outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the relationship of nutritional risk by the Nutrition Risk in Critically III, modified version (mNUTRIC) and glycemic profile in the outcomes of discharge, death and length of stay in critically ill patients and to verify the impact of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Disease Classification System II (APACHE II) and the Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) tools on these outcomes. Method: Prospective longitudinal study developed in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Adults were included, with ≥ 48 hours of hospitalization and with a minimum record of two blood glucose measurements. Patients in palliative care, readmitted to ICU and pregnant women were excluded. Fisher's Exact test and Shapiro Wilk test were used to evaluate categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Subsequently, the Mann-Whitney or unpaired t-Student test was used. Logistic and linear regression analysis was performed. The significance level adopted was 5%. Results: When evaluating 35 patients, 45.7% were at high nutritional risk. An association was observed between nutritional risk and discharge and death outcomes; SOFA was associated with death and length of hospital stay. The increment of 1 point in the SOFA score increased the chance of death by 83% and a longer hospital stay by 0.49 days. Glycemic profile and APACHE II were not associated with outcomes. Conclusion: the SOFA score was the instrument that showed significant associations with the outcome of death and longer hospital stay in critically ill patients

Adequação calórico proteica da terapia nutricional enteral em pacientes críticos / Caloric-protein adequacy of enteral nutritional therapy in critical patients

A doença crítica promove um estado hipercatabólico associado a uma resposta inflamatória intensa. Admite-se que essas alterações contribuem para o aumento do gasto de energia e para a elevação do catabolismo proteico. Objetivo: analisar a adequação calórico-proteica da terapia de nutrição enteral e o seu impacto no desfecho clínico de pacientes críticos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo longitudinal prospectivo realizado com 36 pacientes internados em unidades de terapia intensiva. A adequação da oferta calórico-proteica foi obtida pela relação percentual a partir do quarto dia de implementação da terapia nutricional. Realizou-se o teste de Shapiro Wilk para averiguar a normalidade dos dados e a partir disso, foi aplicado o teste de Mann-Whitney ou de t-Student não pareado. Foi realizada a análise de regressão logística com estimativa de seu coeficiente. Para a regressão estimou-se o intervalo de confiança de 95% e nível de significância de 5%. Foi utilizado o software STATA® versão 14.0 nesta análise. Resultados: Ao avaliar 36 pacientes verificou-se que a sobrevida foi menor entre os indivíduos que apresentaram o menor percentual de adequação calórica (p=0,010) e proteica (p=<0,001). Observou-se que oferta proteica impactou mais expressivamente os desfechos clínicos, ao aumento de 1% na média de adequação proteica as chances de óbito diminuíram 21%. Conclusão: O menor percentual de adequação calórico-proteica foi associado a menor sobrevida de pacientes críticos. Ainda, observou-se que o percentual de adequação proteica se associou mais expressivamente aos desfechos clínicos nessa amostra

The critical illness promotes a hypercatabolic state associated with an intense inflammatory response. It is recognized that those changes contribute to the rise of consumption of energy expenditure and to protein metabolism rise. Objective: to analyze the adequacy caloric-protein of enteral nutrition therapy and its impact on the clinical outcome of critical patients. Method: This is a prospective longitudinal study conducted with 36 hospitalized patients in intensive care units. The caloric-protein adequacy was acquired by percent ratio from the fourth day of nutritional therapy implementation. The Shapiro Wilk test was performed to check the data normality and based on that the Mann-Whitney test or unpaired Student t test was applied. The logistic regression analysis was performed with an estimate of its coefficient. For regression, it was estimated the confidence interval of 95% and significance level of 5%. In this analysis was utilized the STATA® software version 14.0. Results: In the evaluation of 36 patients, it was found that survival was lower among the individuals who had the lower percentage of caloric adequacy (p=0,010) and protein (p=<0,001). It was observed that the protein supply impacted expressively the clinical outcome with an increase of 1% in the average protein adequacy, the chances of death decreased by 21%. Conclusion: The lower percentage of caloric-protein adequacy was associated with lower mortality of critical patients. In addition, in this sampling, it was observed that the protein adequacy percentual joined expressively in the clinical outcome

A nova escola de saúde de Goiás / The new health school in Goiás

A Superintendência da Escola de Saúde de Goiás (SESG) coordena e gere a educação permanente e continuada em saúde, no âmbito do SUS e este e-book tem como objetivo de apresentar a configuração da "Nova Escola de Saúde de Goiás", abrangendo educação permanente em saúde, educação à distância, qualificação dos trabalhadores do SUS para organização e fortalecimento dos processos de trabalho, divulgação científica no estado de Goiás, programa de pesquisa para o SUS (PPSUS), democratização, solidariedade, metodologias ativas, tecnologias educacionais e estratégias de ensino e aprendizagem.

The Superintendence of the School of Health of Goiás (SESG) coordinates and manages permanent and continuous education in health, within the scope of the SUS and this e-book aims to present the configuration of the "New School of Health of Goiás", covering education permanent education in health, distance education, qualification of SUS workers to organize and strengthen work processes, scientific dissemination in the state of Goiás, research program for SUS (PPSUS), democratization, solidarity, active methodologies, educational technologies and strategies of teaching and learning

Avaliação da incapacidade e saúde de pacientes com doença renal crônica submetidos a hemodiálise / Evaluation of disability and health of patients with chronic renal disease undergoing hemodialysis

Introdução:A doença renal crônica (DRC) corresponde à redução irreversível da função renal, provoca um grande impacto para a pessoa acometida e suas funcionalidades básicas ficam prejudicadas, resultando em mudanças importantes no seu estilo de vida1. Objetivo: Avaliar o grau de incapacidade e saúde de pacientes com doença renal crônica submetidos à hemodiálise. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo de campo, do tipo transversal, com amostra de conveniência, para aavaliação sociodemográfica, clínico funcionais e de desempenho funcional dos pacientes DRC correlacionados ao questionário Wo rd Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule ­ WHODAS versão 2.0. Resultados: Os participantes do estudo (n= 59), com predominância de homens (67,79%), e média de idade de 51,75 ± 00 anos, apresentaram comorbidades associadas à DRC, tendo destaque para hipertensão arterial sistêmica (67,79%) e diabetes mellitus (33,89%). A mobilidade dos pacientes mensuradas pelo Time Up and Go ­ TUG teste possuiu correlação com o WHODAS nos domínios de: cognição, mobilidade, autocuidado e participação. Houve correlação inversamente proporcional entre a força de preensão palmar e os domínios de mobilidade, autocuidado e atividades domésticas. O grau de dor verificado pela escala EVA teve representatividade junto aos domínios de cognição, mobilidade, autocuidado, relações interpessoais, participação e atividades domésticas. Conclusão: Verifica-se os amplos prejuízos na funcionalidade de pacientes hemodialíticos; e a Fisioterapia, por dispor de vários recursos de avaliação e intervenção, poderá amenizar a incapacidade e favorecer a saúde dessa população.

Introduction:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) corresponds to an irreversible reduction in kidney function, causes a great impact to the person affected and its basic functionalities are impaired, resulting in important changes in their lifestyle1. Objective: To assess the degree of disability and health of patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional field study, with a convenience sample, for the sociodemographic, clinical and functional performance assessment of CKD patients correlated to the Word Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule - WHODAS version 2.0 questionnaire. Results: Study participants (n = 59), with a predominance of men (67.79%), and a mean age of 51.75 ± 00 years, presented comorbidities associated with CKD, with emphasis on systemic arterial hypertension (67, 79%) and diabetes mellitus (33.89%). Patient mobility measured by the Time Up and Go - TUG test was correlated with WHODAS in the following domains: cognition, mobility, self-care and participation. There was an inversely proportional correlation between handgrip strength and the domains of mobility, self-care and domestic activities. The degree of pain verified by the EVA scale was representative of the domains of cognition, mobility, self-care, interpersonal relationships, participation and domestic activities. Conclusion: There are extensive losses in the functionality of hemodialysis patients; and Physiotherapy, by having several assessment and intervention resources, can alleviate the disability and favor the health of this population